
微信API接口調(diào)用憑證+Access token泄露
"customer_id": "STOtest001", // 客戶編碼
"order_id": "ORD202306300001", // 客戶訂單號(唯一)
"sender": {
"name": "張三",
"mobile": "13800138000",
"province": "浙江省",
"city": "杭州市",
"district": "濱江區(qū)",
"address": "網(wǎng)商路699號"
},
"receiver": {
"name": "李四",
"mobile": "13900139000",
"province": "廣東省",
"city": "深圳市",
"district": "南山區(qū)",
"address": "科技園科技中一路"
},
"cargo": {
"name": "手機配件",
"weight": "0.5", // 公斤
"volume": "", // 可選
"count": "1"
},
"service_type": "標(biāo)準快遞", // 服務(wù)類型
"pay_type": "SHIPPER", // 付款方式: SHIPPER(寄付) / CONSIGNEE(到付)
"need_tracking_info": "1" // 是否需要在響應(yīng)中返回面單HTML
}
簽名生成Python示例:
import hashlib
import urllib.parse
import json
def generate_sto_sign(params, secret_key):
# 1. 過濾系統(tǒng)參數(shù)(如sign, method等)和空值參數(shù)
filtered_params = {k: v for k, v in params.items() if v is not None and v != '' and not k.startswith('stc_')}
# 2. 按參數(shù)名ASCII碼升序排序
sorted_keys = sorted(filtered_params.keys())
# 3. 拼接鍵值對
query_string = ''
for key in sorted_keys:
value = str(filtered_params[key])
# 關(guān)鍵:對鍵和值進行URL編碼(注意申通通常要求使用RFC 3986編碼)
encoded_key = urllib.parse.quote(key, safe='')
encoded_value = urllib.parse.quote(value, safe='')
query_string += f"{encoded_key}{encoded_value}"
# 4. 拼接密鑰
sign_string = secret_key + query_string + secret_key
# 5. MD5計算并轉(zhuǎn)為大寫
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(sign_string.encode('utf-8'))
return md5.hexdigest().upper()
# 示例參數(shù)
params = {
"method": "stc.order.waybill.apply",
"customer_id": "STOtest001",
"order_id": "ORD202306300001",
"timestamp": "20230630120000",
# ... 其他業(yè)務(wù)參數(shù)
}
secret_key = "YourSecretKey123456"
sign = generate_sto_sign(params, secret_key)
params['sign'] = sign # 將簽名加入請求參數(shù)
Node.js 請求示例:
const axios = require('axios');
const crypto = require('crypto');
const qs = require('querystring');
async function createSTOWaybill() {
const baseUrl = 'https://gateway.sto.cn/router/rest';
const customerId = 'STOtest001';
const secretKey = 'YourSecretKey123456';
const method = 'stc.order.waybill.apply';
// 1. 構(gòu)建業(yè)務(wù)參數(shù)
const businessParams = {
order_id: ORDER_${Date.now()}
,
sender: JSON.stringify({
name: "發(fā)貨人",
mobile: "13800000000",
province: "上海",
city: "上海市",
district: "浦東新區(qū)",
address: "張江高科技園區(qū)"
}),
receiver: JSON.stringify({
name: "收貨人",
mobile: "13900000000",
province: "浙江",
city: "杭州市",
district: "余杭區(qū)",
address: "阿里巴巴西溪園區(qū)"
}),
cargo: JSON.stringify({
name: "電子產(chǎn)品",
weight: "1.2",
count: "1"
}),
service_type: "標(biāo)準快遞",
pay_type: "SHIPPER",
need_tracking_info: "1"
};
// 2. 構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)參數(shù)
const systemParams = {
method: method,
customer_id: customerId,
timestamp: new Date().toISOString().replace(/[-:T.]/g, '').slice(0, 14), // YYYYMMDDHHmmss
format: 'json',
v: '1.0'
};
// 3. 合并參數(shù)并生成簽名
const allParams = {...systemParams, ...businessParams};
const sign = generateStoSign(allParams, secretKey);
allParams.sign = sign;
// 4. 發(fā)送請求
try {
const response = await axios.post(baseUrl, qs.stringify(allParams), {
headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
});
console.log('運單創(chuàng)建成功:', response.data);
return response.data;
} catch (error) {
console.error('運單創(chuàng)建失敗:', error.response?.data || error.message);
throw error;
}
}
function generateStoSign(params, secretKey) {
// 過濾并排序參數(shù)
const filtered = Object.keys(params)
.filter(key => params[key] !== null && params[key] !== undefined && params[key] !== '')
.sort()
.map(key => ${encodeRFC3986(key)}=${encodeRFC3986(params[key])}
);
const stringToSign = filtered.join('&');
const signString = ${secretKey}${stringToSign}${secretKey}
;
return crypto.createHash('md5')
.update(signString, 'utf8')
.digest('hex')
.toUpperCase();
}
function encodeRFC3986(str) {
return encodeURIComponent(str)
.replace(/%20/g, '+')
.replace(/[!'()*]/g, c => %${c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase()}
);
}
// 執(zhí)行運單創(chuàng)建
createSTOWaybill();
核心接口: stc.trace.query
作用: 根據(jù)運單號查詢包裹的實時物流狀態(tài)和運輸歷史軌跡。
關(guān)鍵請求參數(shù):
{
"customer_id": "STOtest001",
"tracking_number": "773123456789" // 申通運單號
}
響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)示例:
{
"success": true,
"data": {
"tracking_number": "773123456789",
"order_id": "ORD202306300001",
"latest_status": "派送中",
"latest_time": "2023-06-30 14:30:00",
"traces": [
{
"time": "2023-06-30 14:30:00",
"description": "【杭州濱江公司】的派件員【王師傅 138****1234】正在派件",
"location": "杭州濱江公司"
},
{
"time": "2023-06-30 09:15:00",
"description": "快件已到達【杭州轉(zhuǎn)運中心】",
"location": "杭州轉(zhuǎn)運中心"
},
{
"time": "2023-06-29 20:45:00",
"description": "快件已從【深圳南山網(wǎng)點】發(fā)出,下一站【杭州轉(zhuǎn)運中心】",
"location": "深圳南山網(wǎng)點"
},
{
"time": "2023-06-29 18:20:00",
"description": "【深圳南山網(wǎng)點】已收件",
"location": "深圳南山網(wǎng)點"
}
]
}
}
接口示例:
stc.network.serviceability.check
: 查詢始發(fā)地到目的地是否可達及預(yù)估時效。stc.network.branch.list
: 查詢指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的申通網(wǎng)點信息。核心機制: 并非單一接口,而是一種推送模式。
作用: 開發(fā)者需要在申通平臺配置回調(diào)URL。當(dāng)運單狀態(tài)發(fā)生重要變更時,申通服務(wù)器會主動向該URL推送最新的物流事件信息。比輪詢更實時高效。
推送數(shù)據(jù)示例:
POST /your/callback/url HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
{
"event": "TRACE_UPDATE", // 事件類型
"tracking_number": "773123456789",
"current_status": "SIGNED", // 最新狀態(tài)碼 (簽收)
"current_description": "已簽收,簽收人:前臺",
"current_time": "2023-06-30 16:05:00",
"signature": "...", // 用于驗證推送來源合法性的簽名
"timestamp": "20230630160500"
}
處理注意事項:
secret_key
驗證推送請求的簽名,防止偽造請求。SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE
, INVALID_PARAM
, BIZ_ERROR
)和HTTP狀態(tài)碼(如 401, 403, 429, 500)。1s, 2s, 4s
后重試)。secret_key
硬編碼在客戶端代碼或前端。使用安全的配置管理服務(wù)(如AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault, K8s Secrets)或環(huán)境變量存儲。申通快遞API為開發(fā)者打開了將專業(yè)物流能力快速集成到各類應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的大門。從自動化下單打單,到實時精準的物流追蹤,再到數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的運營分析,API的價值貫穿于物流管理的全鏈條。
成功集成的關(guān)鍵在于:透徹理解API文檔與簽名機制、編寫健壯的錯誤處理與重試邏輯、嚴格遵守安全規(guī)范、充分利用測試環(huán)境進行驗證、并針對具體業(yè)務(wù)場景進行合理的設(shè)計與優(yōu)化。 當(dāng)克服了文檔、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、兼容性等挑戰(zhàn)后,申通快遞API將成為提升業(yè)務(wù)效率和用戶體驗的強大助推器。
在萬物互聯(lián)的時代,API是連接服務(wù)的橋梁,而物流API正是連接虛擬訂單與現(xiàn)實交付的核心紐帶。 掌握申通快遞API,意味著你的應(yīng)用具備了打通商業(yè)閉環(huán)“最后一公里”的關(guān)鍵能力。