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2. 前置條件與項目結(jié)構(gòu)回顧

技術(shù)棧：.NET 6+、C#、Entity Framework Core、AutoMapper
依賴：已在 Program.cs 中注入 DbContext、AutoMapper、各資源的倉儲（AddScoped）

項目結(jié)構(gòu)：

/Interfaces

IPokemonRepository.cs

ICategoryRepository.cs

ICountryRepository.cs

…  

/Repositories

PokemonRepository.cs

CategoryRepository.cs

CountryRepository.cs

…  

/DTOs

PokemonDto.cs

CategoryDto.cs

CountryDto.cs

…  

/Helpers

MappingProfiles.cs  

/Controllers

PokemonController.cs

CategoryController.cs

CountryController.cs

/Data

AppDbContext.cs

3. Category GET 接口實現(xiàn)

3.1 定義接口（ICategoryRepository）

在 Interfaces/ICategoryRepository.cs，定義三種查詢方法：

public interface ICategoryRepository
{
    IReadOnlyCollection < Category > GetCategories();             // 列表
    Category GetCategory(int id);                              // 詳情
    IReadOnlyCollection < Pokemon >  GetPokemonsByCategory(int id); // 關(guān)聯(lián)查詢
    bool CategoryExists(int id);                               // 存在性校驗
}

3.2 倉儲實現(xiàn)（CategoryRepository）

在 Repositories/CategoryRepository.cs：

public class CategoryRepository : ICategoryRepository
{
    private readonly AppDbContext _context;
    public CategoryRepository(AppDbContext context) = >  _context = context;

    public IReadOnlyCollection < Category >  GetCategories() = >
        _context.Categories.ToList();

    public Category GetCategory(int id) = >
        _context.Categories.FirstOrDefault(c = > c.Id == id);

    public IReadOnlyCollection < Pokemon > GetPokemonsByCategory(int id) = >
        _context.PokemonCategories
                .Where(pc = > pc.Category.Id == id)
                .Select(pc = > pc.Pokemon)
                .ToList();

    public bool CategoryExists(int id) = >
        _context.Categories.Any(c = > c.Id == id);
}

3.3 DTO 與映射配置（CategoryDto）

在 DTOs/CategoryDto.cs：

public class CategoryDto
{
  public int Id { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
}

在 Helpers/MappingProfiles.cs 中添加映射：

CreateMap < Category, CategoryDto > ();
CreateMap < Pokemon, PokemonDto > (); // 關(guān)聯(lián)查詢時使用

3.4 控制器實現(xiàn)（CategoryController）

在 Controllers/CategoryController.cs 中注入倉儲與映射器，并實現(xiàn)三條 GET：

[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class CategoryController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly ICategoryRepository _repo;
    private readonly IMapper _mapper;

    public CategoryController(ICategoryRepository repo, IMapper mapper)
    {
        _repo = repo;
        _mapper = mapper;
    }

    // GET api/category
    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult < IReadOnlyCollection < CategoryDto > > GetCategories()
    {
        var categories = _repo.GetCategories();
        return Ok(_mapper.Map < IReadOnlyCollection < CategoryDto > > (categories));
    }

    // GET api/category/{id}
    [HttpGet("{id}")]
    public ActionResult < CategoryDto > GetCategory(int id)
    {
        if (!_repo.CategoryExists(id))
            return NotFound($"Category {id} 未找到。");
        var category = _repo.GetCategory(id);
        return Ok(_mapper.Map < CategoryDto > (category));
    }

    // GET api/category/{id}/pokemons
    [HttpGet("{id}/pokemons")]
    public ActionResult < IReadOnlyCollection < PokemonDto > > GetPokemonsByCategory(int id)
    {
        if (!_repo.CategoryExists(id))
            return NotFound($"Category {id} 未找到。");
        var pokemons = _repo.GetPokemonsByCategory(id);
        return Ok(_mapper.Map < IReadOnlyCollection < PokemonDto > > (pokemons));
    }
}

4. Country GET 接口實現(xiàn)

4.1 定義接口（ICountryRepository）

在 Interfaces/ICountryRepository.cs：

public interface ICountryRepository
{
    IReadOnlyCollection < Country > GetCountries();             // 列表
    Country GetCountry(int id);                              // 詳情
    IReadOnlyCollection < Owner > GetOwnersByCountry(int id);    // 關(guān)聯(lián)查詢
    bool CountryExists(int id);                              // 存在性校驗
}

4.2 倉儲實現(xiàn)（CountryRepository）

在 Repositories/CountryRepository.cs：

public class CountryRepository : ICountryRepository
{
    private readonly AppDbContext _context;
    public CountryRepository(AppDbContext context) = > _context = context;

    public IReadOnlyCollection < Country > GetCountries() = >
        _context.Countries.ToList();

    public Country GetCountry(int id) = >
        _context.Countries.FirstOrDefault(c = > c.Id == id);

    public IReadOnlyCollection < Owner > GetOwnersByCountry(int id) = >
        _context.Owners
                .Where(o = > o.Country.Id == id)
                .ToList();

    public bool CountryExists(int id) = >
        _context.Countries.Any(c = > c.Id == id);
}

4.3 DTO 與映射配置（CountryDto）

在 DTOs/CountryDto.cs：

public class CountryDto
{
  public int Id { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
}

MappingProfiles 中添加：

CreateMap < Country, CountryDto > ();
CreateMap < Owner, OwnerDto > (); // 后續(xù) Owner GET 關(guān)聯(lián)時使用

4.4 控制器實現(xiàn)（CountryController）

[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class CountryController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly ICountryRepository _repo;
    private readonly IMapper _mapper;

    public CountryController(ICountryRepository repo, IMapper mapper)
    {
        _repo = repo;
        _mapper = mapper;
    }

    // GET api/country
    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult < IReadOnlyCollection<CountryDto > > GetCountries() = >
        Ok(_mapper.Map < IReadOnlyCollection<CountryDto > > (_repo.GetCountries()));

    // GET api/country/{id}
    [HttpGet("{id}")]
    public ActionResult < CountryDto > GetCountry(int id)
    {
        if (!_repo.CountryExists(id))
            return NotFound($"Country {id} 未找到。");
        return Ok(_mapper.Map < CountryDto > (_repo.GetCountry(id)));
    }

    // GET api/country/{id}/owners
    [HttpGet("{id}/owners")]
    public ActionResult < IReadOnlyCollection < OwnerDto > > GetOwnersByCountry(int id)
    {
        if (!_repo.CountryExists(id))
            return NotFound($"Country {id} 未找到。");
        var owners = _repo.GetOwnersByCountry(id);
        return Ok(_mapper.Map < IReadOnlyCollection < OwnerDto > > (owners));
    }
}

5. 測試與驗證（Swagger）

運行項目后打開 Swagger UI（/swagger）。
Category 測試：
- GET /api/category → 全部分類
- GET /api/category/1 → 單個分類詳情
- GET /api/category/1/pokemons → 該分類下所有 Pokemon
Country 測試：
- GET /api/country → 全部國家
- GET /api/country/2 → 單個國家詳情
- GET /api/country/2/owners → 該國家下所有 Owner